Boxford State Forest
Inventory of the Projected Harvest Area

As of 12 Jul 2009, the list contains 214 species (203 native species)
Checklist for the Bald Hill Reservation (including this area) currently contains 300 species

Frequency scale:
+ — occurs, 1 — rare, 2 — scattered, 3 — common; 4 — plantation
* — species found on land surrounding the described lots

CONIFERS

common juniper, pasture juniper, Juniperus communis — 1
eastern red cedar, Juniperus virginiana — +
red pine, Pinus resinosa — 4 (planted)
white pine, Weymouth pine, Pinus strobus — 2
eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis — 1 (understory and old stumps; old stands exists in Boxford Sanctuary)

LEAFY TREES

red maple, Acer rubrum — 3
sugar maple, Acer saccharum — 3
smooth shadbush, Amelanchier laevis (= arborea var. laevis) — + (understory)
sweet birch, cherry birch, black birch, Betula lenta — 3
paper birch, Betula papyrifera — 1
gray birch, Betula populifolia — *
mockernut hickory, Carya alba (= tomentosa) — 2
pignut hickory, Carya glabra — 3
shagbark hickory, Carya ovata — 3
American chestnut, Castanea dentata — 1
American beech, Fagus grandifolia — *
Malus sp. — 1
eastern hop-hornbeam, Ostrya virginiana — 3
bigtooth aspen, Populus grandidentata — + (understory)
black cherry, Prunus serotina — 2 (understory)
white oak, Quercus alba — 3
scarlet oak, Quercus coccinea — 1
northern red oak, Quercus rubra — 3
black oak, Quercus velutina — 3
sassafras, Sassafras albidum — + (understory)
basswood, American linden, Tilia americana — 2 (understory)
American elm, white elm, Ulmus americana — 1

LEAFY TREES OF VERNAL POOLS AND BROOKS

yellow birch, Betula alleghaniensis (= lutea) — 2
white ash, Fraxinus americana — 2
black ash, Fraxinus nigra — 1
tupelo, black gum, Nyssa sylvatica — 1
swamp white oak, Quercus bicolor — 2

SHRUBS

black chokeberry, Aronia melanocarpa — +
sweet-fern, Comptonia peregrina — 1
pagoda dogwood, alternate-leaved dogwood, Cornus alternifolia — +
American hazelnut, Corylus americana — 2
beaked hazelnut, Corylus cornuta — 3
hawthorn, Crataegus sp. — * (once)
bush-honeysuckle, Diervilla lonicera — *
black huckleberry, Gaylussacia baccata — 3
blue huckleberry, dangleberry, Gaylussacia frondosa — 1
witch-hazel, Hamamelis virginiana — 3
sheep laurel, Kalmia angustifolia — 2
wild red raspberry, Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus — * (once)
lowbush blueberry, Vaccinium angustifolium — 3
highbush blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum — 2
hillside blueberry, dryland blueberry, Vaccinium pallidum (= vacillans) — 3
maple-leaf viburnum, Viburnum acerifolium — 3
northern arrow-wood, Viburnum dentatum var. lucidum (= recognitum) — 1
wild raisin, witherod, Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides — +

SHRUBS OF VERNAL POOLS AND BROOKS

common buttonbush, Cephalanthus occidentalis — 2
sweet pepperbush, Clethra alnifolia — 1
common winterberry, Ilex verticillata — 3
spicebush, Lindera benzoin — 2
maleberry, Lyonia ligustrina — 2
swamp azalea, Rhododendron viscosum — +
swamp gooseberry, Ribes hirtellum — +
Virginia rose, low rose, Rosa virginiana — 1
meadowsweet, Spiraea alba var. latifolia (= latifolia (Aiton) Borkh.) — 1
steeplebush, Spiraea tomentosa — *

VINES

Virginia creeper, Parthenocissus quinquefolia — 2
carrion-flower, Smilax herbacea — 1
catbrier, bullbrier, Smilax rotundifolia — 1
poison ivy, Toxicodendron radicans (= Rhus radicans) — 1
fox grape, Vitis labrusca — 2

SMALL SHRUBS AND SEMI-WOODY PLANTS

wild sarsaparilla, Aralia nudicaulis — 3
striped pipsissewa, spotted wintergreen, Chimaphila maculata — 3
pipsissewa, Chimaphila umbellata ssp. cisatlantica — 1
three-leaf goldthread, Coptis trifolia ssp. groenlandica — 1
bunchberry, dwarf cornel, Cornus canadensis — +
wintergreen, checkerberry, eastern teaberry, Gaultheria procumbens — 1
partridgeberry, Mitchella repens — 3
round-leaved shinleaf, glossy shinleaf, Pyrola americana (= rotundifolia var. americana) — +
elliptic shinleaf, Pyrola elliptica — +
Allegheny blackberry, common blackberry, Rubus allegheniensis — 2
bristly dewberry, swamp dewberry, Rubus hispidus — 3

HERBACEOUS DICOTS

yarrow, Achillea millefolium — +
hog-peanut, Amphicarpaea bracteata — 1
wood anemone, wind-flower, Anemone quinquefolia — 2
plantain-leaved pussytoes, Antennaria plantaginifolia — *
wild columbine, red columbine, Aquilegia canadensis — 1
long-stalked aster, Aster dumosus (= Symphyotrichum dumosum) — +
tall white aster, panicled aster, Aster lanceolatus (= Symphyotrichum lanceolatum) — *
calico aster, Aster lateriflorus (= Symphyotrichum lateriflorum) — 2
tall flat-topped white aster, Aster umbellatus (= Doellingeria umbellata) — +
yellow wild indigo, horsefly weed, Baptisia tinctoria — +
white wood aster, Aster divaricatus (= Eurybia divaricata) — 2
large-leaved aster, Aster macrophyllus (= Eurybia macrophylla) — +
wild licorice, Galium lanceolatum — 1
wild geranium, Geranium maculatum — 2
blunt-lobed liverleaf, Hepatica nobilis var. obtusa (= americana) — 1
Gronovius' hawkweed, Hieracium gronovii — +
woodland hawkweed, Hieracium paniculatum — 1
king-devil, meadow hawkweed, Hieracium pratense (= H. caespitosum) — +
rattlesnake weed, Hieracium venosum — 1
azure bluets, Houstonia caerulea (= Hedeyotis caerulea) — 2
Indian tobacco, Lobelia inflata — *
whorled loosestrife, Lysimachia quadrifolia — 2
cow-wheat, Melampyrum lineare — 2
grove sandwort, Moehringia lateriflora (= Arenaria lateriflora) — +
pine-sap, false beech-drops, Monotropa hypopithys — 1
Indian pipe, Monotropa uniflora — 3
sharp-leaved aster, whorled wood aster, Aster acuminatus (= Oclemena acuminata) — 2
common plantain, white man's foot, Plantago major — 1
false buckwheat, black bindweed, Polygonum convolvulus — 1
Polygonum sp. — +
dwarf cinquefoil, Potentilla canadensis — +
common cinquefoil, Potentilla simplex — 2
tall rattlesnake-root, Prenanthes trifoliolata — 2
American heal-all, Prunella vulgaris ssp. lanceolata — +
mad-dog skullcap, blue skullcap, Scutellaria lateriflora — 2
wreath goldenrod, bluestem goldenrod, Solidago caesia — 3
rough-stemmed goldenrod, Solidago rugosa — 1
American starflower, Trientalis borealis — 3
American dog violet, Viola conspersa — +
ovate-leaved violet, arrowleaf violet, Viola fimbriatula — 2
three-lobed violet, Viola palmata var. triloba (= triloba) — +
arrow-leaf violet, Viola sagittata — 1

HERBACEOUS DICOTS OF VERNAL POOLS AND BROOKS

beggar-ticks, Bidens frondosa — +
false nettle, bog-hemp, Boehmeria cylindrica — +
marsh marigold, Caltha palustris — 2
common bittercress, Cardamine pensylvanica — +
white turtlehead, Chelone glabra — 2
golden saxifrage, water-carpet, Chrysosplenium americanum — 2
enchanter's nightshade, Circaea luteniana ssp. canadensis (= quadrisulcata var. candensis) — *
narrow-leaved willow-herb, Epilobium leptophyllum — * (red-maple swamp)
boneset, thoroughwort, Eupatorium perfoliatum — * (red-maple swamp)
flat-topped goldenrod, Euthamia graminifolia (= Solidago graminifolia) — * (red-maple swamp)
rough bedstraw, Galium asprellum — 1
woodland bedstraw, Galium triflorum — +
swamp pennywort, woodland pennywort, Hydrocotyle americana — 1
jewelweed, Impatiens capensis — 1
tuberous water-horehound, Lycopus uniflorus — 1
swamp-candles, Lysimachia terrestris — * (red-maple swamp)
yellow water-lily, Nuphar variegata — 2
dotted smartweed, Polygonum punctatum — 2 (red-maple swamp)
arrow-leaf tearthumb, Polygonum sagittatum — * (red-maple swamp)
kidney-leaved buttercup, small-flowered crowfoot, Ranunculus abortivus — *
hooked crowfoot, Ranunculus recurvatus — +
golden ragwort, Senecio aureus — *
Canada goldenrod, Solidago canadensis — * (red-maple swamp)
tall meadowrue, Thalictrum pubescens (= polygamum) — 1
Virginia marsh St. Johnswort, Triadenum virginicum (= Hypericum virginicum) — * (red-maple swamp)
Le Conte's violet, Viola affinis — 1
northern white violet, Viola macloskeyi ssp. pallens — 1
common blue violet, Viola sororia (= septentrionalis) — +

MONOCOTS

upland bentgrass, Agrostis perennans — 3 (common along trails)
woodgrass, Brachyelytrum septentrionale (= erectum var. septentrionale) — 1
northern wood sedge, Carex arctata — *
Bicknell's edge, Carex bicknellii — 1
woodland sedge, Carex blanda — +
slender drooping sedge, Carex gracillima — +
loose-flowered woodland sedge, Carex laxiflora — 2
Pennsylvania sedge, Carex pensylvanica — 2
broad-leaved woodland sedge, Carex platyphylla — 1
big star sedge, Carex rosea — 2
Swan's sedge, Carex swanii — *
pink lady's slipper, Cypripedium acaule — 2
trail oatgrass, Danthonia compressa — 3
forked panic-grass, Dichanthelium dichotomum (= Panicum dichotomum) — 1
linear-leaved panic-grass, Dichanthelium linearifolium (= Panicum linearifolium) — 1
downy rattlesnake-plantain, Goodyera pubescens — +
Goodyera sp. — 1 (G. repens or G. tesselata)
path rush, yard rush, Juncus tenuis — 1
common wood-rush, Luzula multiflora — 2
Canada mayflower, Maianthemum canadense — 3
Indian cucumber-root, Medeola virginiana — 2
Solomon's seal, Polygonatum pubescens — 2
black bulrush, Scirpus atrovirens var. georgianus (= georgianus) — 2
false Solomon's seal, Smilacina racemosa (= Maianthemum racemosum) — 2
little merrybells, Uvularia sessilifolia — 1

MONOCOTS OF VERNAL POOLS AND BROOKS

Jack-in-the-pulpit, Arisaema triphyllum — 2
fringed sedge, Carex crinita — +
bladder-sedge or swamp sedge, Carex intumescens — +
sallow sedge, Carex lurida — +
common woodreed, Cinna arundinacea — 1
mannagrass, Glyceria sp. — +
Canada lily, wild yellow lily, Lilium canadense — *
Platanthera sp. — + (perhaps either P. clavellata or P. flava var. herbiola)
common arrowhead, Sagittaria latifolia — +
common bulrush, Scirpus cyperinus — 2
Scirpus sp. — *
green-fruited bur-reed, Sparganium erectum (= chlorocarpum) — +
skunk-cabbage, Symplocarpus foetidus — 2

FERNS AND FERN ALLIES

ebony spleenwort, Asplenium platyneuron — 1
northern lady-fern, Athyrium filix-femina — 2
hayscented fern, Dennstaedtia punctilobula — 3
southern ground-cedar, Diphasiastrum digitatum (= Lycopodium digitatum) — 2
slender ground-cedar, wiry ground-cedar, Diphasiastrum tristachyum (= Lycopodium tristachyum) — +
spinulose wood fern, Dryopteris carthusiana (= spinulosa) — 2
intermediate wood fern, Dryopteris intermedia — +
marginal wood fern, Dryopteris marginalis — 2
shining clubmoss, Huperzia lucidula — +
Hickey's clubmoss, Lycopodium hickeyi — 1
princess-pine or tree clubmoss, Lycopodium obscurum — 3
interrupted fern, Osmunda claytoniana — 3
rockcap fern or common polypody, Polypodium virginianum — 1
Christmas fern, Polystichum acrostichoides — +
bracken fern, Pteridium aquilinum — 2
New York fern, Thelypteris noveboracensis — 3

FERNS AND FERN ALLIES OF VERNAL POOLS AND BROOKS

crested wood fern, Dryopteris cristata — 2
field horsetail, common horsetail, Equisetum arvense — +
sensitive fern, Onoclea sensibilis — 3
cinnamon fern, Osmunda cinnamomea — 2
royal fern, Osmunda regalis — 2
narrow beech fern, Phegopteris connectilis (= Thelypteris phegopteris) — * (once)
marsh fern, Thelypteris palustris — 2
Massachusetts fern, Thelypteris simulata — 1

INVASIVE PLANTS

Japanese barberry, Berberis thunbergii — 1
common barberry, Berberis vulgaris — 1
Asian bittersweet, Oriental bittersweet, Celastrus orbiculata — *
common buckthorn, Rhamnus cathartica — +
glossy buckthorn, Rhamnus frangula (= Frangula alnus) — 1
multiflora rose, Rosa multiflora — +